Verifiable uptime proofs for compute providers, using a three-layer architecture.
Layer 1: Heartbeat Chain
- ~60 second interval, dual-signed (provider + consumer)
- Each heartbeat chains to previous via SHA-256
- ~250 bytes per heartbeat
Layer 2: Merkle Epochs
- 60 heartbeats → merkle tree → 32-byte epoch root
- Epochs chain via
prevEpochHash - Selective disclosure via merkle proofs
Layer 3: Chained Claims
- 24 epoch roots → merkle tree → claim root
- ~200 bytes on-chain per claim
- 3,681x compression ratio (24h of data)
Design Decision: No VDF
Economics solves collusion: emission rate < lease cost, so collusion is a net loss.
Threat Analysis
| Threat | Severity | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Ghost Node Attack | Critical | Mitigated (multi-layer) |
| Collusion | High | Mitigated (economics) |
| Key Compromise | Critical | Must-fix before production |
| Timestamp Manipulation | Medium | Must-fix before production |